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Middle class --- Middle class African Americans. --- Economic stabilization --- United States.

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"Tracing Barbour's life and economic adventures across four states, the book finds a budding middle class that was both empowered and impatient for tangible evidence of its success. Barbour's experiences reveal the obstacles facing people of color struggling to maintain a foothold in the middle class during the Civil War era"--

Middle class African Americans --- African Americans --- Middle class --- History --- Barbour, Conway,

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African American English (AAE) is a major area of research in linguistics, but until now, work has primarily been focused on AAE as it is spoken amongst the working classes. From its historical development to its contemporary context, this is the first full-length overview of the use and evaluation of AAE by middle class speakers, giving voice to this relatively neglected segment of the African American speech community. Weldon offers a unique first-person account of middle class AAE, and highlights distinguishing elements such as codeswitching, camouflaged feature usage, Standard AAE, and talking/sounding 'Black' vs. 'Proper'. Readers can hear authentic excerpts and audio prompts of the language described through a wide range of audio files, which can be accessed directly from the book's page using QR technology or through the book's online Resource Tab. Engaging and accessible, it will help students and researchers gain a broader understanding of both the African American speech community and the AAE continuum.

Black English --- Sociolinguistics --- English language --- Middle class African Americans. --- African Americans --- Middle class African Americans --- Middle class --- Dialect literature, American --- African American English --- American black dialect --- Ebonics --- Negro-English dialects --- Phonology. --- Dialects --- Languages. --- Languages --- Germanic languages --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school)

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In this history of Cleveland's black middle class, Todd Michney uncovers the creative ways that a nascent community established footholds in areas outside the overcrowded, inner-city neighbourhoods to which most African Americans were consigned. Michney offers a valuable counterweight to histories that have focused on racial conflict and black poverty.

African American neighborhoods --- Neighborhoods --- Social mobility --- Middle class African Americans --- Afro-American neighborhoods --- Neighborhoods, African American --- Ethnic neighborhoods --- Neighborhood --- Neighbourhoods --- Communities --- Mobility, Social --- Sociology --- African Americans --- Middle class --- History --- Social aspects --- Social conditions --- Housing

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Down the Up Staircase tells the story of one Harlem family across three generations, connecting its journey to the historical and social forces that transformed Harlem over the past century. Bruce D. Haynes and Syma Solovitch capture the tides of change that pushed blacks forward through the twentieth century-the Great Migration, the Harlem Renaissance, the early civil rights victories, the Black Power and Black Arts movements-as well as the many forces that ravaged black communities, including Haynes's own. As an authority on race and urban communities, Haynes brings unique sociological insights to the American mobility saga and the tenuous nature of status and success among the black middle class.In many ways, Haynes's family defied the odds. All four great-grandparents on his father's side owned land in the South as early as 1880. His grandfather, George Edmund Haynes, was the founder of the National Urban League and a protégé of eminent black sociologist W. E. B. Du Bois; his grandmother, Elizabeth Ross Haynes, was a noted children's author of the Harlem Renaissance and a prominent social scientist. Yet these early advances and gains provided little anchor to the succeeding generations. This story is told against the backdrop of a crumbling three-story brownstone in Sugar Hill that once hosted Harlem Renaissance elites and later became an embodiment of the family's rise and demise. Down the Up Staircase is a stirring portrait of this family, each generation walking a tightrope, one misstep from free fall.

African American families --- Middle class African Americans --- African Americans --- Social mobility --- Intergenerational relations --- Social conditions. --- History. --- Haynes, Bruce D., --- Haynes, George Edmund, --- Family. --- Harlem (New York, N.Y.) --- New York (N.Y.)